Weaver, Abigail A., et al. “Paper Analytical Devices for Fast Field Screening of Beta Lactam Antibiotics and Antituberculosis Pharmaceuticals.” Analytical Chemistry 85, no. 13

Abstract: Reports of low-quality pharmaceuticals have been on the rise in the past decade, with the greatest prevalence of substandard medicines in developing countries, where lapses in manufacturing quality control or breaches in the supply chain allow substandard medicines to reach the marketplace. Here, we describe inexpensive test cards for fast field screening of pharmaceutical…

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Ortiz, R, de Cássia Mariotti, K, Fank, B, Limberger, R, Anzanello, M, & Mayorga, P 2013, ‘Counterfeit Cialis and Viagra fingerprinting by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy with chemometry: Can the same pharmaceutical powder mixture be used to falsify two medicines?’

Abstract This paper proposes a direct and efficient method to discriminate between counterfeit and authentic Cialis and Viagra samples by combining attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy with multivariate techniques. The chemical profile of 53 commercial samples (Viagra®, Cialis®) and 104 counterfeit samples (Viagra and Cialis) from distinct seizures were obtained from ATR-FTIR…

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Lu, Feng, et al. “A novel identification system for counterfeit drugs based on portable Raman spectroscopy.” Chemometrics & Intelligent Laboratory Systems 127, (August 15, 2013): 63-69.

Highlights A novel identification system for screening of the counterfeit drugs is proposed. The strategy provides an alternative. The strategy is demonstrated with high rapidity, accuracy and cost-effectiveness.   AbstractQuick inspection methods for counterfeit drugs are of vital necessity. In this study, the feasibility of portable Raman spectroscopy as an analytical method together with a…

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Lebel, Philippe, et al. “A rapid, quantitative liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry screening method for 71 active and 11 natural erectile dysfunction ingredients present in potentially adulterated or counterfeit products.” Journal Of Chromatography A

Highlights The reported LC-MS/MS method resolved 82 erectile dysfunction (ED) drugs in 10 min. ED drug extraction from different matrices gave recoveries from 92 to111%. The screening method was successfully applied to more than 32 samples. The method is faster and more sensitive than currently used and reported methods. Identification of additional species, in an…

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Custers, D., et al. “Headspace–gas chromatographic fingerprints to discriminate and classify counterfeit medicines.” Talanta 123, (June 2014): 78-88.

Highlights Fingerprints might contribute to the health risk evaluation of counterfeit drugs. GC-fingerprints were used to discriminate between genuine and counterfeit medicines. Fingerprints were analyzed using different chemometric techniques. Principal Component Analysis clearly discriminated between genuine and counterfeit. Soft Independent Modelling of Class Analogy generated the best predictive models. Abstract Counterfeit medicines are a global…

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Bunaciu, Andrei A., Şerban Fleschin, and Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein. “Spectroscopic Analytical Methods for Detection of Counterfeit Pharmaceutical Preparations — A Mini-Review.” Gazi University Journal Of Science 26, no. 3 (July 2013): 407-417

Abstract Pharmaceutical counterfeiting is becoming a serious problem all over the world. This paper presents several of the most important methods used to elucidate this problem including near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, isotopic characterization, chromatographic and mass spectrometric approaches. Bunaciu, Andrei A., Şerban Fleschin, and Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein. "Spectroscopic Analytical Methods for Detection of…

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Broad, N. W., C. Dentinger, and J. Pasmore. “Advantages of 1064-nm Portable Raman for Counterfeit Pharmaceuticals Authentication.” Spectroscopy (June 2, 2013): 22-31

The counterfeiting of pharmaceuticals is a global issue that is expanding each year. The severity of drugs counterfeited has increased from lifestyle drugs to include lifesaving (such as anticancer) types in recent times. The miniaturization of instrumentation has led to out-of-laboratory analysis for product authentication. Raman spectroscopy is ideal for pharmaceutical identifications and has been…

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Anzanello, Michel J., et al. “A framework for selecting analytical techniques in profiling authentic and counterfeit Viagra and Cialis.” Forensic Science International 235, (February 2014): 1-7.

AbstractSeveral analytical techniques aimed at profiling drugs are deemed costly and time consuming, and may not be promptly available for analysis when required. This paper proposes a method for identifying the analytical techniques providing the most relevant data for classification of drug samples into authentic and unauthentic categories. For that matter, we integrate principal components…

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Anzanello, Michel J., et al. “A multivariate-based wavenumber selection method for classifying medicines into authentic or counterfeit classes.” Journal Of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Analysis 83, (September 2013): 209-214.

Highlights We propose a wavenumber selection framework based on a wavenumber importance index. The method increases classification performance using a small wavenumber range. Our propositions are applied to Cialis and Viagra FTIR-ATR data. Abstract Attenuated total reflectance (ATR), a sampling technique by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, has been adopted as an analytical tool for…

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Dégardin, Klara, Yves Roggo, and Pierre Margot. “Understanding and fighting the medicine counterfeit market.” Journal Of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Analysis 87, (January 18, 2014): 167-175.

Abstract Medicine counterfeiting is a serious worldwide issue, involving networks of manufacture and distribution that are an integral part of industrialized organized crime. Despite the potentially devastating health repercussions involved, legal sanctions are often inappropriate or simply not applied. The difficulty in agreeing on a definition of counterfeiting, the huge profits made by the counterfeiters…

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