Safety Alert
FDA Alert: Affirm XL, Inc Issues a Voluntary Nationwide Recall of Affirm XL Dietary Supplement Tablet, Lot 1190001 Due to Potential Health Risk (Apr 10)

 

Research On Drug Safety

This Month's Featured Article

Hottinger M, Liang BA*. Deficiencies of the FDA in Evaluating Generic Formulations: Addressing Narrow Therapeutic Index Drugs. Am J Law Med. 2012. Forthcoming. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2121528.

Abstract: Generic drugs represent a significant portion of the medical arsenal in treating disease. As copies of originator drugs, these drugs have been permitted abbreviated approval under the Hatch-Waxman law. Yet with current drive toward lowering costs focusing upon generic... Read>>

Research Topic Areas and Articles
(A * indicates a PSM Board Member)

• Consumer and Provider Education/Issues
• Global Supply and Parallel Trade
• Law Enforcement
• Reporting and Data
• Policy and Law
• Technology and Detection

Consumer and Provider Education/Issues

• Campbell N, Clark JP, Stecher VJ, Goldstein I. Internet-ordered viagra (sildenafil citrate) is rarely genuine. J Sex Med. 2012 Nov;9(11):2943-51. Epub 2012 Aug 27.
• Liang BA*, Mackey TK, Lovett KM. Suspect Online Sellers and Contraceptive Access. J.Contraception. 2012.04.011.
• Jackson G, Patel S, Khan S. Assessing the Problem of Counterfeit Medications in the United Kingdom. Int J Clin Pract. 2012 Mar;66(3):241-50.
• Liang BA.*, Mackey TK. Promoting online drug safety: Using Public–Private Partnerships to Deter Illicit Online Drug Sales. J Commer Biotechnol. (2011) 17, 266–271
• Shcherbakova N, Shepherd M*, Lawson K, and Richards K. The role of authorized generics in the prescription drug marketplace. Journal of Generic Medicines. 2011; 8(1):28-40.
• Hosseini SA, Darbooy Sh, Tehrani Banihashemi SA, Naseri SM, Dinarvand R. Counterfeit medicines: report of a cross-sectional retrospective study in Iran. Public Health. 2011 Mar; 125(3):165-71.
• Liang B A*, Mackey T. Direct-to-Consumer Advertising With Interactive Internet Media. JAMA. 2011 2 23; 305 (8): 824-825.
• Law E, Youmans SL. Combating Counterfeit Medications: the California perspective. J. Pharm. Pract. 2011 Feb; 24(1):114-21
• Ivanitskaya L, Brookins-Fisher J, O Boyle I, Vibbert D, Erofeev D, Fulton L. Dirt cheap and without prescription: how susceptible are young US consumers to purchasing drugs from rogue internet pharmacies? J Med Internet Res. 2010;12(2):e11.
• Traynor K. Counterfeit drugs pose growing health threat. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2010;67(22):1896, 1898.
• Silva N. Tacking the Booming Trade in Counterfeit Drugs. Lancet. 2010;376(9754):1725-6
• Orizio G, Rubinelli S, Schulz PJ, Domenighini S, Bressanelli M, Caimi L, Gelatti U. "Save 30% if you buy today". Online pharmacies and the enhancement of peripheral thinking in consumers. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2010;19(9): 970-6.
• Burki T. The Real Cost of Counterfeit Medicines. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10(9):585-6.
• Gavaza P, Shepherd MD*, Shcherbakova N, Khoza S. The state of health economics and pharmacoeconomics research in Russia: a systematic review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research. 2010 Sept; 1(3):113-21.
• Shepherd MD.* The effect of US pharmaceutical drug importation on the Canadian pharmaceutical supply. Can Pharm J. 2010 Sept/Oct; 143(5):226-33.
• Shepherd, MD*. Black medicine. AQ. 2010 Summer; 4(3):82-5.
• Sugita M, Miyakawa M. Economic analysis of use of counterfeit drugs: health impairment risk of counterfeit phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor taken as an example. Environ Health Prev Med. 2010 Jul; 15(4):244-51.
• Chaubey SK, Sangla KS, Suthaharan EN, Tan YM. Severe Hypoglycaemia Associated with Ingesting Counterfeit Medication. Med J Aust. 2010;192(12):716-7.
• World Health Organization. Growing Threat from Counterfeit Medicines. Bull World Health Organ. 2010;88(4):247-8.
• Ghodse H. Watching Internet Pharmacies. Br J Psychiatry. 2010;196:169-170.
• Jackson G, Arver S, Banks I, Stecher VJ. Counterfeit phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors pose significant safety risks. Int J Clin Pract. 2010;64(4):497-504.
• Liang BA.* Supporting Pharmaceutical Diversion and Counterfeiting Prosecutions: A Role for Medical Professionals. J Biolaw Bus. 2010;13(1&2): 55-57.
• Cheng MM. Is the drugstore safe? Counterfeit diabetes products on the shelves. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2009;3(6):1 516-20.
• Winegar A, Shepherd MD*, Lawson KA, Richards K. Comparison of claim percent gross margin earned by Texas community independent pharmacies for dual-eligible beneficiaries claims before and after Medicare Part D. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2009 Sept/Oct; 49(5):617-2
• Seiter A. Health and economic consequences of counterfeit drugs. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2009;85(6):576-8.
• Gautam CS, Utreja A, Singal GL. Spurious and counterfeit drugs: a growing industry in the developing world. Postgrad Med J. 2009;85(1003):251-6.
• Graham MR, Ryan P, Baker JS, Davies B, Thomas NE, Cooper SM, Evans P, Easmon S, Walker CJ, Cowan D, Kicman AT. Counterfeiting in performance- and image-enhancing drugs. Drug Test Anal. 2009;1(3):135-42
• Panjabi SS, Panjabi RS, Shepherd MD*, Lawson KA, Johnsrud M, Barner J. Extended-release, once-daily morphine (Avinza) for the treatment of chronic nonmalignant pain: effect on pain, depressive symptoms, and cognition. Pain Medicine. 2008 Aug; 9(8):985-93.
• Swaminath G. Faking it - I The Menace of Counterfeit Drugs. Indian J Psychiatry. 2008;50(4):238-40.
• Class JN.* Behind the Curve: A Critique of NGO Activity with regards to the Safety Concerns of Biologics. J Biolaw Bus. 2007;10(4):33-36.
• Roberts R. Counterfeit Biologics: A Personal Narrative. J Biolaw Bus. 2007;10(4):37-39.
• Shepherd, M.* Impact of drug importation on community pharmacy and patient care. J Am Pharm Assn. 2007; 47(3):319-327
• Liang BA.* Structurally Sophisticated or Lamentably Limited? Mechanisms to Ensure Safety of the Medicine Supply. Albany Law J Sci Technol. 2006;16(3):483-524
• Cates A. Medication, ID Theft, and Health Care: A Haven for the Criminal Element. J Biolaw Bus. 2006;9(4):61-64.
• Liang BA.* Fade to Black: Importation and Counterfeit Drugs. Am J Law Med. 2006 Feb 1;32(2-3):279-323
• Rodriguez RF. Drug Importation and the Hispanic Physician. California Western Intl Law J. 2005;36:117-124.
• Bro WP. Importation of Prescription Drugs and Risks to Patient Safety. California Western Intl Law J. 2005;36:105-116.
• Langston EL. The Quality Quandary. California Western Intl Law J. 2005;36:19-32.

Global Supply and Parallel Trade

• Hottinger M, Liang BA*. Deficiencies of the FDA in Evaluating Generic Formulations: Addressing Narrow Therapeutic Index Drugs. Am J Law Med. 2012. Forthcoming. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2121528.
• Campbell N, Clark JP, Stecher VJ, Goldstein I. Internet-ordered viagra (sildenafil citrate) is rarely genuine. J Sex Med. 2012 Nov;9(11):2943-51. Epub 2012 Aug 27.
• McCoy D, Pitsillidis A, Jordan G, et al. PharmaLeaks: understanding the business of online pharmaceutical affiliate programs. In: Security'12 Proceedings of the 21st USENIX conference on Security symposium. Pages 1-1; USENIX Assn Berkeley, CA 2012.
• Nayyar GM., Breman JG, et al. Poor-quality antimalarial drugs in southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet Infect Dis. 2012 Jun; 12:6: 488-496.
• Liang BA*, Mackey TK, Lovett KM. Suspect Online Sellers and Contraceptive Access. J.Contraception. 2012.04.011.
• Ambroise-Thomas P. The Tragedy Caused by Fake Antimalarial Drugs. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2012; 4(1): e2012027.
• Pillai DR., Lau R, Khairnar K, et al. Artemether resistance in vitro is linked to mutations in PfATP6 that also interact with mutations in PfMDR1 in travellers returning with Plasmodium falciparum infections. Malar J. 2012, 11:131.
• Jackson G, Patel S, Khan S. Assessing the Problem of Counterfeit Medications in the United Kingdom. Int J Clin Pract. 2012 Mar;66(3):241-50.
• Liang BA*, & Mackey TK, Online Availability and Safety of Drugs in Shortage: A Descriptive Study of Internet Vendor Characteristics. J Med Internet Res. 2012 Feb 9;14(1):e27.
• Jena AB, Goldman DP, Foster SE, Califano JA. Prescription Medication Abuse and Illegitimate Internet-based Pharmacies. Ann Intern Med. 2011 Dec 20;155(12):848-50.
• Mackey TK, Liang BA*. The Global Counterfeit Drug Trade: Patient Safety and Public Health Risks. J Pharm Sci. 2011 Nov;100(11):4571-9.
• Liang BA*, Mackey TK. Vaccine shortages and suspect online pharmacy sellers. Vaccine (2011), doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.11.016
• Leontiadis N, Moore T, Christin N. Measuring and Analyzing Search-Redirection Attacks in the Illicit Online Prescription Drug Trade. Proceedings of the USENIX Security Symposium; 2011: San Francisco, California: USENIX Security Symposium; 2011 p. 1-17.
• Golocorbin Kon S, Mikov M. [Counterfeit Drugs as a Global Threat to Health]. [Article in Serbian]. Med Pregl. 2011 May-Jun;64(5-6):285-90.
• Levchenko K, Pitsillidis A, Enright B, et al. Click Trajectories: End-to-End Analysis of the Spam Value Chain. Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium and Security and Privacy, Oakland, CA, May 2011.
• Danzon P, Johnson SJ, Long G, Furukawa MF. Commercial Importation of Prescription Drugs in the United States: Short-Run Implications. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 2011 36(2):295-316.
• Liang B A*, Mackey T. Direct-to-Consumer Advertising With Interactive Internet Media. JAMA. 2011 2 23; 305 (8): 824-825.
• Veronin M. Packaging and Labeling of Pharmaceutical Products Obtained from the Internet. J Med Internet Res. 2011 Feb 15;13(1):e22.
• Watson R. European Union prepares to tackle counterfeit drugs. BMJ. 2010;340:c2425.
• Bhan A. Health ministry institutes reward scheme for whistle-blowers reporting spurious drugs. Natl Med J India. 2010;23(1):56
• Alkahtani S, Sammons H, Choonara I, Epidemics of Acute Renal Failure in Children (diethylene glycol toxicity). Arch Dis Child. 2010 Dec;95(12):1062-4.
• Ivanitskaya L, Brookins-Fisher J, O Boyle I, Vibbert D, Erofeev D, Fulton L. Dirt cheap and without prescription: how susceptible are young US consumers to purchasing drugs from rogue internet pharmacies? J Med Internet Res. 2010;12(2):e11.
• Silva N. Tacking the Booming Trade in Counterfeit Drugs. Lancet. 2010;376(9754):1725-6
• Shepherd MD.* The effect of US pharmaceutical drug importation on the Canadian pharmaceutical supply. Can Pharm J. 2010 Sept/Oct; 143(5):226-33.
• Shepherd MD*, The effect of US pharmaceutical importation on the Canadian drug supply. CPJ. 2010 Sept/Oct; 143(5):226-33.
• Shepherd, MD*. Black medicine. AQ. 2010 Summer; 4(3):82-5.
• Sugita M, Miyakawa M. Economic analysis of use of counterfeit drugs: health impairment risk of counterfeit phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor taken as an example. Environ Health Prev Med. 2010 Jul; 15(4):244-51.
• Shepherd M.* Beef up international cooperation on counterfeits. Nat Med. 2010;16(4):366.
• Liang BA.* International Drug Production and Supply: Challenges for Biopreparedness. J Biolaw Bus. 2010;12(3): 31- 34.
• Lewis K. China's counterfeit medicine trade booming. CMAJ. 2009;181(10):E237-8.
• Liang BA.* Pigs, Drugs, and Terrorists. Patient Safe Qual Healthcare. 2008 Nov 1:10-12
• Trefi S, Routaboul C, Hamieh S, Gilard V, Malet-Martino M, Martino R. Analysis of illegally manufactured formulations of tadalafil (Cialis®) by 1H NMR, 2D DOSY 1H NMR and Raman spectroscopy. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2008 May 12;47(1):103-113
• Amon JJ. Dangerous medicines: unproven AIDS cures and counterfeit antiretroviral drugs. Global Health. 2008;4:5.
• Lammons KD. The October 2005 Fake Flu Vaccine Incident. J Biolaw Bus. 2007;10(4):40-43.
• Liang BA.* A Dose of Reality: Promoting Access to Pharmaceuticals. Wake Forest Intell Prop LJ. 2007 Dec 1;8:301-386
• Shepherd, M.* Drug Importation and Safety of Drugs Obtained from Canada. Ann Pharmacother. 2007;41:1288-1291.
• Shepherd, M.* Impact of drug importation on community pharmacy and patient care. J Am Pharm Assn. 2007; 47(3):319-327
• Shepherd MD.* Impact of Drug Importation on Community Pharmacy and Patient Care. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2007 May-Jun ;47:319-20, 323-4, 327
• Eban K. Dangerous Doses. J Biolaw Bus. 2006;9(4):57-60.
• Schulte G. An Overview of Pharmaceutical Smuggling Cases in San Diego: It Goes Better When Agencies Work Together. J Biolaw Bus. 2006;9(4):41-45.
• Thomson J. The European Pharmaceutical Supply Chain: Implications for the USA. J Biolaw Bus. 2006;9(4):65-68.
• Liang BA.* Crime, Terrorism, and Counterfeit Drugs: Addressing the International Regime. J Biolaw Bus. 2006;9(4): 36-40.
• Liang BA.* Parallel Trade in Pharmaceuticals: Injecting the Counterfeit Element into the Public Health. NC J Int Law Com Reg. 2006;31(4):847-900
• Liang BA.* Fade to Black: Importation and Counterfeit Drugs. Am J Law Med. 2006 Feb 1;32(2-3):279-323
• Gilbert T, Halwani S. Confusion and Contradiction: Untangling Drug Importation and Counterfeit Drugs. California Western Intl Law J. 2005;36:41-54.
• Liang BA.* Over The Virtual and Geographic Borders: Understanding Importation and Counterfeit Drugs. Cal W Int Law J. 2005 Jun 3;36(1):7-18
• Liang BA.* International Drug Importation: Issues in Public Policy, Patient Safety, and the Public Health. Cal W Int Law J. 2005 Jun 3;36(1):1-6

Law Enforcement

• Mackey TK, Liang BA*. The Global Counterfeit Drug Trade: Patient Safety and Public Health Risks. J Pharm Sci. 2011 Nov;100(11):4571-9.
• Liang B A*, Mackey T. Direct-to-Consumer Advertising With Interactive Internet Media. JAMA. 2011 2 23; 305 (8): 824-825.
• Kubic TT.* Law Enforcement and Industry: Key Partners for Safe Medicines. J Biolaw Bus. 2010;13(1&2):38-41.
• Giacolone RP. Drug Wholesaling and Importation: Challenges and Opportunities. California Western Intl Law J. 2005;36:65-76.
• Liang BA.* Over The Virtual and Geographic Borders: Understanding Importation and Counterfeit Drugs. Cal W Int Law J. 2005 Jun 3;36(1):7-18

Reporting and Data

• Liang BA*, Mackey TK, Lovett KM. Illegal "No Prescription" Internet Access to Narrow Therapeutic Index Drugs. Clin Ther. 2013 Apr 15; S0149-2918(13)00167-7.
• Csupor D, Boros K, Dankó B, Veres K, Szendrei K, Hohmann J. Rapid identification of sibutramine in dietary supplements using a stepwise approach. Pharmazie. 2013 Jan;68(1):15-8.
• McCoy D, Pitsillidis A, Jordan G, et al. PharmaLeaks: understanding the business of online pharmaceutical affiliate programs. In: Security'12 Proceedings of the 21st USENIX conference on Security symposium. Pages 1-1; USENIX Assn Berkeley, CA 2012.
• Nayyar GM., Breman JG, et al. Poor-quality antimalarial drugs in southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet Infect Dis. 2012 Jun; 12:6: 488-496.
• Pillai DR., Lau R, Khairnar K, et al. Artemether resistance in vitro is linked to mutations in PfATP6 that also interact with mutations in PfMDR1 in travellers returning with Plasmodium falciparum infections. Malar J. 2012, 11:131.
• Orizio G, Merla A, Schulz PJ, Gelatti U. Quality of Online Pharmacies and Websites Selling Prescription Drugs: a Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res. 2011 Sep 30;13(3):e74.
• Hosseini SA, Darbooy Sh, Tehrani Banihashemi SA, Naseri SM, Dinarvand R. Counterfeit medicines: report of a cross-sectional retrospective study in Iran. Public Health. 2011 Mar; 125(3):165-71.
• Veronin M. Packaging and Labeling of Pharmaceutical Products Obtained from the Internet. J Med Internet Res. 2011 Feb 15;13(1):e22.
• Law E, Youmans SL. Combating Counterfeit Medications: the California perspective. J. Pharm. Pract. 2011 Feb; 24(1):114-21
• Kuzma J. Web Vulnerability Study of Online Pharmacy Sites. Inform Health Soc Care. 2011 Jan;36(1):20-34.
• Gavaza P, Shepherd MD*, Shcherbakova N, Khoza S. The state of health economics and pharmacoeconomics research in Russia: a systematic review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research. 2010 Sept; 1(3):113-21.
• Kubic TT.* Beer Cooler Biologics! J Biolaw Bus. 2007;10(4):28-32.
• Shepherd MD*, Richards KM, Winegar AL. Prescription drug payment times by Medicare Part D plans: results of a national study. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2007 Nov/Dec; 47(6):695-701.
• Kubic TT,* Mollo SJ. Pharmaceutical Counterfeiting Trends: Understanding The Extent of Criminal Activity. J Biolaw Bus. 2006;9(4):51-56.
• Liang BA.* Measuring the Impact of Counterfeit Drugs: Applying the Patient Safety Reporting System Approach. Proceedings of the OECD/WIPO meeting on measurement of counterfeiting and piracy, 17-18 October 2005.

Online Issues

• Liang BA*, Mackey TK, Lovett KM. Illegal "No Prescription" Internet Access to Narrow Therapeutic Index Drugs. Clin Ther. 2013 Apr 15; S0149-2918(13)00167-7.
• Campbell N, Clark JP, Stecher VJ, Goldstein I. Internet-ordered viagra (sildenafil citrate) is rarely genuine. J Sex Med. 2012 Nov;9(11):2943-51. Epub 2012 Aug 27.
• Liang BA,* Mackey TK. Stem Cells, Dot-Com. Sci Transl Med. 2012 Sept 12; 4;151:151-9.
• McCoy D, Pitsillidis A, Jordan G, et al. PharmaLeaks: understanding the business of online pharmaceutical affiliate programs. In: Security'12 Proceedings of the 21st USENIX conference on Security symposium. Pages 1-1; USENIX Assn Berkeley, CA 2012.
• Liang BA*, Mackey TK, Lovett KM. Suspect Online Sellers and Contraceptive Access. J.Contraception. 2012.04.011.
• Jackson G, Patel S, Khan S. Assessing the Problem of Counterfeit Medications in the United Kingdom. Int J Clin Pract. 2012 Mar;66(3):241-50.
• Liang BA*, & Mackey TK, Online Availability and Safety of Drugs in Shortage: A Descriptive Study of Internet Vendor Characteristics. J Med Internet Res. 2012 Feb 9;14(1):e27.
• Jena AB, Goldman DP, Foster SE, Califano JA. Prescription Medication Abuse and Illegitimate Internet-based Pharmacies. Ann Intern Med. 2011 Dec 20;155(12):848-50.
• Mackey TK, Liang BA*. The Global Counterfeit Drug Trade: Patient Safety and Public Health Risks. J Pharm Sci. 2011 Nov;100(11):4571-9.
• Liang BA*, Mackey TK. Vaccine shortages and suspect online pharmacy sellers. Vaccine (2011), doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.11.016
• Orizio G, Merla A, Schulz PJ, Gelatti U. Quality of Online Pharmacies and Websites Selling Prescription Drugs: a Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res. 2011 Sep 30;13(3):e74.
• Leontiadis N, Moore T, Christin N. Measuring and Analyzing Search-Redirection Attacks in the Illicit Online Prescription Drug Trade. Proceedings of the USENIX Security Symposium; 2011: San Francisco, California: USENIX Security Symposium; 2011 p. 1-17.
• Liang BA.*, Mackey TK. Prevalence and Global Health Implications of Social Media in Direct-to-Consumer Drug Advertising. J Med Internet Res 2011;13(3):e64
• Liang BA.*, Mackey TK. Promoting online drug safety: Using Public–Private Partnerships to Deter Illicit Online Drug Sales. J Commer Biotechnol. (2011) 17, 266–271
• Golocorbin Kon S, Mikov M. [Counterfeit Drugs as a Global Threat to Health]. [Article in Serbian]. Med Pregl. 2011 May-Jun;64(5-6):285-90.
• Levchenko K, Pitsillidis A, Enright B, et al. Click Trajectories: End-to-End Analysis of the Spam Value Chain. Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium and Security and Privacy, Oakland, CA, May 2011.
• Liang B A*, Mackey T. Direct-to-Consumer Advertising With Interactive Internet Media. JAMA. 2011 2 23; 305 (8): 824-825.
• Veronin M. Packaging and Labeling of Pharmaceutical Products Obtained from the Internet. J Med Internet Res. 2011 Feb 15;13(1):e22.
• Law E, Youmans SL. Combating Counterfeit Medications: the California perspective. J. Pharm. Pract. 2011 Feb; 24(1):114-21
• Kuzma J. Web Vulnerability Study of Online Pharmacy Sites. Inform Health Soc Care. 2011 Jan;36(1):20-34.
• Liang BA.*, Mackey T. Searching for Safety: Addressing Search Engine, Website, and Provider Accountability for Illicit Online Drug Sales. Am J Law Med. 2009;35:125-184.
• Ivanitskaya L, Brookins-Fisher J, O Boyle I, Vibbert D, Erofeev D, Fulton L. Dirt cheap and without prescription: how susceptible are young US consumers to purchasing drugs from rogue internet pharmacies? J Med Internet Res. 2010;12(2):e11.
• Orizio G, Rubinelli S, Schulz PJ, Domenighini S, Bressanelli M, Caimi L, Gelatti U. "Save 30% if you buy today". Online pharmacies and the enhancement of peripheral thinking in consumers. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2010;19(9): 970-6.
• Shepherd, MD*. Black medicine. AQ. 2010 Summer; 4(3):82-5.
• Ghodse H. Watching Internet Pharmacies. Br J Psychiatry. 2010;196:169-170.
• Jackson G. Faking It: The Dangers of Counterfeit Medicines on the Internet.Int J Clin Pract.2009;63(2):181.
• Trefi S, Routaboul C, Hamieh S, Gilard V, Malet-Martino M, Martino R. Analysis of illegally manufactured formulations of tadalafil (Cialis®) by 1H NMR, 2D DOSY 1H NMR and Raman spectroscopy. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2008 May 12;47(1):103-113
• Shepherd, M.* Drug Importation and Safety of Drugs Obtained from Canada. Ann Pharmacother. 2007;41:1288-1291.
• Montoya ID, Jano E. Online Pharmacies: Safety and Regulatory Considerations. Int J Health Serv. 2007;37(2):279-89.

Policy and Law

• Hottinger M, Liang BA*. Deficiencies of the FDA in Evaluating Generic Formulations: Addressing Narrow Therapeutic Index Drugs. Am J Law Med. 2012. Forthcoming. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2121528.
• Liang BA,* Mackey TK. Stem Cells, Dot-Com. Sci Transl Med. 2012 Sept 12; 4;151:151-9.
• Mackey TK, Liang BA*. The Global Counterfeit Drug Trade: Patient Safety and Public Health Risks. J Pharm Sci. 2011 Nov;100(11):4571-9.
• Liang BA.*, Mackey TK. Promoting online drug safety: Using Public–Private Partnerships to Deter Illicit Online Drug Sales. J Commer Biotechnol. (2011) 17, 266–271
• Danzon P, Johnson SJ, Long G, Furukawa MF. Commercial Importation of Prescription Drugs in the United States: Short-Run Implications. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 2011 36(2):295-316.
• Liang B A*, Mackey T. Direct-to-Consumer Advertising With Interactive Internet Media. JAMA. 2011 2 23; 305 (8): 824-825.
• Watson R. European Union prepares to tackle counterfeit drugs. BMJ. 2010;340:c2425.
• Liang BA.*, Mackey T. Searching for Safety: Addressing Search Engine, Website, and Provider Accountability for Illicit Online Drug Sales. Am J Law Med. 2009;35:125-184.
• Bhan A. Health ministry institutes reward scheme for whistle-blowers reporting spurious drugs. Natl Med J India. 2010;23(1):56
• Alkahtani S, Sammons H, Choonara I, Epidemics of Acute Renal Failure in Children (diethylene glycol toxicity). Arch Dis Child. 2010 Dec;95(12):1062-4.
• Shepherd MD.* The effect of US pharmaceutical drug importation on the Canadian pharmaceutical supply. Can Pharm J. 2010 Sept/Oct; 143(5):226-33.
• Feldschreiber P. Public Health Issues with Counterfeit Medicines. Clin. Med. 2009;9(1):63-4.
• Nsimba SE. Problems Associated with Substandard and Counterfeit Drugs in Developing Countries: A Review Article on Global Implications of Counterfeit Drugs in the Era of Antiretroviral (ARVs) Drugs in a Free Market Economy. East Afr J Public Health. 2008;
• Liang BA.* Pigs, Drugs, and Terrorists. Patient Safe Qual Healthcare. 2008 Nov 1:10-12
• Liang BA.* Safety Issues in Regulating Follow-On Biologic Drugs. J BIolaw Bus. 2007;10(4):44-49.
• Shepherd MD.* Impact of Drug Importation on Community Pharmacy and Patient Care. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2007 May-Jun ;47:319-20, 323-4, 327
• Theriault J. Counterfeit Pharmaceuticals: Understanding the Threat. J Biolaw Bus. 2006;9(4): 46-50.
• Liang BA.* Structurally Sophisticated or Lamentably Limited? Mechanisms to Ensure Safety of the Medicine Supply. Albany Law J Sci Technol. 2006;16(3):483-524
• Liang BA.* Parallel Trade in Pharmaceuticals: Injecting the Counterfeit Element into the Public Health. NC J Int Law Com Reg. 2006;31(4):847-900
• Liang BA.* The Scourge of Counterfeit Drugs: No Easy Answers. J Biolaw Bus. 2006;9(2):3-7.
• Liang BA.* Fade to Black: Importation and Counterfeit Drugs. Am J Law Med. 2006 Feb 1;32(2-3):279-323
• Giacolone RP. Drug Wholesaling and Importation: Challenges and Opportunities. California Western Intl Law J. 2005;36:65-76.
• Liang BA.* Over The Virtual and Geographic Borders: Understanding Importation and Counterfeit Drugs. Cal W Int Law J. 2005 Jun 3;36(1):7-18
• Liang BA.* International Drug Importation: Issues in Public Policy, Patient Safety, and the Public Health. Cal W Int Law J. 2005 Jun 3;36(1):1-6

Technology and Detection

• Csupor D, Boros K, Dankó B, Veres K, Szendrei K, Hohmann J. Rapid identification of sibutramine in dietary supplements using a stepwise approach. Pharmazie. 2013 Jan;68(1):15-8.
• Leontiadis N, Moore T, Christin N. Measuring and Analyzing Search-Redirection Attacks in the Illicit Online Prescription Drug Trade. Proceedings of the USENIX Security Symposium; 2011: San Francisco, California: USENIX Security Symposium; 2011 p. 1-17.
• Liang BA.*, Mackey TK. Prevalence and Global Health Implications of Social Media in Direct-to-Consumer Drug Advertising. J Med Internet Res 2011;13(3):e64
• Levchenko K, Pitsillidis A, Enright B, et al. Click Trajectories: End-to-End Analysis of the Spam Value Chain. Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium and Security and Privacy, Oakland, CA, May 2011.
• Liang B A*, Mackey T. Direct-to-Consumer Advertising With Interactive Internet Media. JAMA. 2011 2 23; 305 (8): 824-825.
• Alkahtani S, Sammons H, Choonara I, Epidemics of Acute Renal Failure in Children (diethylene glycol toxicity). Arch Dis Child. 2010 Dec;95(12):1062-4.
• Coustasse A, Arvidson C, Rutsohn P. Pharmaceutical counterfeiting and the RFID technology intervention. J Hosp Mark Public Relations. 2010 Jul;20(2):100-15
• Gaudiano MC, Di Maggio A, Antoniella E, Valvo L, Bertocchi P, Manna L, Bartolomei M, Alimonti S, Rodomonte AL. An LC method for the simultaneous screening of some common counterfeit and sub-standard antibiotics Validation and uncertainty estimation. J Pha
• Martino R, Malet-Martino M, Gilard V, Balayssac S. Counterfeit drugs: analytical techniques for their identification. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010;398(1):77-92.
• Rodomonte AL, Gaudiano MC, Antoniella E, Lucente D, Crusco V, Bartolomei M, Bertocchi P, Manna L, Valvo L, Alhaique F, Muleri N. Counterfeit drugs detection by measurement of tablets and secondary packaging colour. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2010;53(2):215-20.
• Tomić S, Milcić N, Sokolić M, Martinac AI. Identification of counterfeit medicines for erectile dysfunction from an illegal supply chain. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2010;61(1):69-75.
• Dai XM, An N Wu JM, Li HY, Zhang QM. Development and Validation of HPLC-UV-MS method for the control of four anti-diabetic drugs in suspected counterfeit products. Yao Xue Xue Bao. 2010 Mar; 45(3):347-52.
• Twohig M, Skilton SJ, Fujimoto G, Ellor N, Plumb RS. Rapid detection and identification of counterfeit of adulterated products of synthetic phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors with an atmospheric solids analysis probe. Drug Test Anal. 2010;2(2):45-50.
• Erdem E, Zeng H, Zhou J, Shi J, Wells DL. Investigation of RFID tag readability for pharmaceutical products at item level. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2009;35(11):1312-24.
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